Number crunchers in Africa leave investors in the dark
By Duncan Miriri
That barely mattered when investors were desperate to find a place to park their cash as more developed markets careered off course.
Years of neglect, a lack of technical skills and large informal economies make reliable data collection a huge task.
Failure to address these challenges could drive away investors unable or unwilling to pay for their own research if they cannot see an economy's true scale or potential.
"The better the data, the better the information to investors. So it is: more transparency, better data, better investments," he said.
Ordinary Nigerians were quick to point out that a more accurate measure of the nation's gross domestic product didn't mean that they were now richer or roads had fewer potholes. But economists and investors say it could have a longer-term impact.
SHORT SHRIFT
Some statistics shortcomings are glaring, creating headaches for governments seeking to plan ahead and making it difficult for companies to understand a market's prospects.
Statistics that do emerge can spark strong debate. The AfDB raised eyebrows in 2011 when it said Africa's middle class had risen to 350 million people in 2010, or about 34 percent of the continent's total population, from about 126 million in 1980, about 27 percent at the time. This was based on those living on $2 to $20 a day.
Given that $2 a day or below is widely accepted as a poverty indicator, many economists viewed the AfDB's middle class range in that study as optimistic, saying any sudden sharp rise in food or fuel prices could plunge people back into poverty.
Some economists suggested a more "African-appropriate" measure of middle class would be those on $15 to $20 a day.
To achieve this, however, it has a team of number crunchers sifting markets and other data, the kind of investment not everyone can afford or wants to pay for.
While local analysis and the figures from corporate earnings reports may trump GDP figures as a guide to the outlook, reliable figures contributing to inflation and growth, or consumer purchasing power, are valuable elements.
"BEHIND THE CURVE"
So too is greater clarity about policymaking by central banks and other official institutions.
"It is of the utmost importance because otherwise people will take their money to markets where they will get that transparency," he said.
"They are behind the curve," said Paul Collier of Oxford University, which organises an annual conference for African central bankers. Central banks, he said, were now more authoritative but needed to learn that "they are there to communicate with citizens not just (act) as technocrats advising governments."
"If the minutes are issued with a view to improving the public's understanding of discussions on the economy at the meetings, then that is helpful," said one African central banker, who asked not to be named.
Nevertheless, more African countries are seeking to provide greater clarity on their economies, and are seeing the benefits of investing in better statistics data and more transparent policymaking.
In addition, "the central bank holds regular press briefings, communicating every quarter," he said – although central bank minutes remain elusive.